Biotechnological Techniques for Sustainable Waste Management

The environment is considered the most significant component for man and other biotic units for their survival. The level of environmental sustainability reflects the fundamental value of both biotic and abiotic components. To achieve the goal of sustainability, the best comprehensive technique is recycling the waste and other by-products to make the waste more beneficial. It will also help the relationship between biotic and abiotic components to preserve a visual and vigorous equilibrium that distinguishes a perfect environment. Biotechnology is considered an evolving science for the sustainability of the environment. The conventional treatment methods required a high amount of cost and energy in most cases to remove the pollutants from the contaminated area. However, most of these processes only change the state of pollutants rather than eliminate them. On the other hand, biological methods include the degradation of the contaminants. In biological treatment methods, pollutants can be fixed, purified, and detached by using mainly microorganisms. Due to the comparatively low cost and the dissimilarity of work development, the bioremediation procedure has been most extensively used all over the world. Environmental biotechnology has been in existence for a while, but with the emergence of new methods such as contemporary microbiology and molecular genetics, researchers can now address the more pressing environmental issues such as detoxifying hazardous waste over the use of microbes. Exponential population growth has resulted in a decrease in the natural ecosystem, and disruptions to the stability of natural cycles have a detrimental effect on both humans and other living systems. Biotechnology seems to be the most sustainable method of nourishing the environment, despite the obstacles posed by the increase in population and the ensuing problems with pollution.

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Authors and Affiliations

1. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan Mujahid Farid, Khadija Azhar, Khadija Tariq, Zainab Akbar Ali, Zunera Ijaz, Zoya Sarfraz, Muqaddas Khalid & Mohid Ahmad
2. School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland Sheharyaar Farid
3. Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Change, Asian Institute of Technology (ATI), Pathum Thani, Thailand Muhammad Arslan Aslam
4. Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Basque, Spain Muhammad Arslan Aslam

1. Mujahid Farid